What is the difference between dumping and subsidies And what is to be Assignment

What is the difference between dumping and subsidies And what is to be established in every subsidy and dumping investigation - Assignment Example Some of the common subsidies may include loans at low interest rates, grants, and tax incentives. The amount of goods that have been subsidized may be offset through applying the countervailing duty (Giannakopoulos, 2004). In every subsidy and dumping investigation, it is to be established whether an industry has been injured or threatened with a material injury by the imported products. In addition, it must establish whether the industry has become materially retarded because of the imports that are under investigation which have been sold at lower prices than the fair value in the local market or subsidized. In case the investigations turn negative, the case is terminated. However, in case the investigations turn negative, the extent of injury is determined whether it is negligible (Bentley & Silberston, 2007). In case it’s not, a countervailing duty is issued and enforced by the custom Service. Bentley,  P., & Silberston,  A. (2007). Anti-dumping and countervailing action: Limits imposed by economic and legal theory. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar. Retrieved from: https://books.google.co.ke/books?id=G9hj0R3iqqMC&pg=PA2&dq=Anti-dumping+and+countervailing+action:+Limits+imposed+by+economic+and+legal+theory&hl=en&sa=X&ei=2fJvVeD8EOiX7QbKyYPoAg&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Anti-dumping%20and%20countervailing%20action%3A%20Limits%20imposed%20by%20economic%20and%20legal%20theory&f=false Giannakopoulos,  T.  K. (2004). Safeguarding companies rights in competition and anti-dumping/anti-subsidies proceedings. The Hague: Kluwer Law International. Retrieved from

Perception Towards Successful Brand Essay Example for Free

Perception Towards Successful Brand Essay Rev. of â€Å"Building Brands Without Mass Media.† Joachimsthaler, Erich, and David A. Aaker. Harvard Business Review 3 March 2009: 4-6. Print. In this article, the authors emphasize that a company must have a clear brand identity with depth and texture so it will not convey confuse messages to customers. Also, they provide some marketing strategies for the brands to set up a clear and effective brand identity. Besides, they illustrate six companies that have a strong and clear brand identity in which The Body Shop and Haggen-Dazs are examined in detail. Apart from these, they use various examples to demonstrate the operations of The Body Shop and Haggen-Dazs. Last but not least, they have compared The Body Shop and Haggen-Dazs with their competitors. Lastly, they discuss the advertising methods of Haggen-Dazs in which they think the Farggi strategy that can confuse the customers the most. (Melanie) Hartman, Cathy L., and Caryn L. Beck-Dudley. â€Å"Marketing Strategies and the Search for Virtue: A Case Analysis of The Body Shop, International.† Journal of Business Ethics 20.3 (1999): 253-257. Print. In this journal, the authors use some historical examples to discuss three organizational virtues—excellence, integrity and judgment in which they think that the virtues are now defined and extended to community, membership and holism. Most importantly, they believe that the virtues are now widely applied in the companies. However, they agree with the researchers that it is difficult to theorize the concept of community. Besides, they use the founder of The Body Shop—Anita Roddick as the main example to illustrate the virtues can be utilized in a big company in multifarious aspects. (Melanie) Salver, Jessica. Brand Management in the Hotel Industry and its Potential for Achieving Customer Loyalty. Germany: GRIN Verlag, 2009. Print. In this book, the author mainly discusses some product requirements for a brand to become successful. Although it is not her intention to suggest that a brand will not become successful without the listed requirements, she examines numerous factors that can build up a successful brand in detail, such as high and differentiated demand for product class, the product is easy to identify and product quality is easy to maintain. Also, she has used The Body Shop and McDonald as the examples to explain her factors in detail. Besides, she believes that if the brand offers a reasonable price for the customers, they will certainly buy the products. Rev. of Starbucks: Delivering Customer Service. Moon, Youngme, and John Quelch. Harvard Business Review 10 July 2006: 3-4. Print. In this book, the authors have used Starbucks as an example to evaluate the value proposition and they use â€Å"live coffee† to describe the national coffee culture of it. Also, they use three components to illustrate the branding strategy of it. For example, it imports the best coffee beans from the world, develops a close intimacy with the customer and creates a good atmosphere. Besides, they discuss the locations of the Starbucks in which they are usually located in high-traffic and high-visibility places, such as commercial centers and universities. In addition, they investigate different products and the welfares of the employees in the Starbucks. Adubato, Steve. You Are the Brand. Canada: Rutgers University Press, 2011. Print. In this book, the author uses his personal experience to show Starbucks is not an accidental brand and it does not really keep a connection with customers. However, he agrees that Starbucks has built on â€Å"comfortable† and â€Å"familiar† for him in the end of the chapter. Besides, he believes Starbucks’ reputations are built on the word of mouth from the customers and excellent services from the employees. In addition, he has cited the book from the original chairman and CEO of Starbucks to demonstrate the objectives of the company and the reasons that it starts to lose customers. Lastly, although he laments the Starbucks has become more commercial, he still enjoys his leisure time in it.

tribute to the nice guys :: essays research papers

this is a tribute to the nice guys. The nice guys that finish last, that never become more than friends, that endure hours of whining and bitching about what assholes guys are, while disproving the very point. This is dedicated to those guys who always provide a shoulder to lean on but restrain themselves to tentative hugs, those guys who hold open doors and give reassuring pats on the back and sit patiently outside the changing room at department stores. This is in honor of the guys that obligingly reiterate how cute/beautiful/smart/funny/sexy their female friends are at the appropriate moment, because they know most girls need that litany of support. This is in honor of the guys with open minds, with laid-back attitudes, with honest concern. This is in honor of the guys who respect a girl’s every facet, from her privacy to her theology to her clothing style. This is for the guys who escort their drunk, bewildered female friends back from parties and never take advantage once they’re at her door, for the guys who accompany girls to bars as buffers against the rest of the creepy male population, for the guys who know a girl is fishing for compliments but give them out anyway, for the guys who always play by the rules in a game where the rules favor cheaters, for the guys who are accredited as boyfriend material but somehow don’t end up being boyfriends, for all the nice guys who are overlooked, underestimated, and unappreciated, for all the nice guys who are manipulated, misled, and unjustly abandoned, this is for you. This is for that time she left 40 urgent messages on your cell phone, and when you called her back, she spent three hours painstakingly dissecting two sentences her boyfriend said to her over dinner. And even though you thought her boyfriend was a chump and a jerk, you assured her that it was all ok and she sho uldn’t worry about it. This is for that time she interrupted the best killing spree you’d ever orchestrated in GTA3 to rant about a rumor that romantically linked her and the guy she thinks is the most repulsive person in the world. And even though you thought it was immature and you had nothing against the guy, you paused the game for two hours and helped her concoct a counter-rumor to spread around the floor.

Judaism Reflection Paper

There are many different ways of practicing Judaism that are amongst us today, and many different types of people that practice them. The aspects that I find to be significant and interesting in Judaism are Hanukkah, a Bar Mitzvah, and The Kashrut. There are many more aspects of Judaism that amuse me, and there are many that I might question if I thought about converting; however, these are the aspects that I believe to be some of the most widely known traditions throughout the world. My favorite part of Judaism that I would have no problem indulging in would have to be a young man’s Bar Mitzvah.A Bar Mitzvah is a rite of passage for a 13 year old boy to become a man. Why is this something to look forward to? Because for a young boys Bar Mitzvah the boy usually gets a large amount of money. Now this money doesn’t come in ones and fives; however, it is known to come in six to seven figures all together. This may be frowned upon if you have an older sister; however, she w ill get a little bit of reward once she becomes a â€Å"woman. † Another part of Judaism that really fascinated me had to have been the Laws of Kashrut. Also read: Martial Law Reflection PaperMost commonly known for not being able to mix dairy with meat, but there are other ways to make food Kosher as well. Such as pork and shellfish, these are forbidden foods in the Judaism community. Along with those, all blood must be drained before cooking and eating, for blood is sacred to God. It is amazing that even some even keep separate fridges, sinks, tables, and utensils to avoid the mixing of their meat and dairy products. Even though these ways of life may seem strict and harsh, not all Jews practice them. Most American Jews actually perform The Kashrut in small ways.For example, they may buy pre-maid kosher food to substitute for going full on Kosher. Most major brands even put marking on their products to let us know if the item is kosher or not. The last major part of Judaism that caught my eye had to be the practice of â€Å"Holy Days† in Judaism. Jewish people practice many holy days such as Rosh Hashanah, Yom Kippur, Sukkot , Hanukkah, Purim, and Pesach (Passover). The most widely recognized holy days in Judaism are Hanukkah and Pesach. Hanukkah has to be the one that amuses me the most due to the fact that it s an eight night event. Hanukkah is a spread over eight-day event made to commemorate the rededication of the  Holy Temple in Jerusalem. An added tradition is that over the eight days of Hanukkah the children get a gift each night of the holiday. Although there are many important and fascinating aspects of Judaism that I left out, and many that I may not agree with. I still find Judaism to be a very interesting religion, and will have to put it on my bucket list to go a Jewish Temple in the future. As they say in Hebrew â€Å"Leheim! †

The role of the teaching assistant in developing childrens learning

Historically, learning helpers, or aides as they were sometimes once known, were non learning grownups who helped qualified instructors by transporting out twenty-four hours to twenty-four hours preparatory and administrative undertakings and supplying pastoral attention to kids. ( Clayton. 1993 ) However, in 1998, the Local Government Chronicle published a sum-up of a Green Paper, ( LGC, 1998 ) , in which they outlined proposals for using a greater figure of support staff – 20,000 by the twelvemonth 2002 – in order to supply more support for instructors. The sum-up besides announced the authorities ‘s suggestions for a â€Å" more effectual usage of, and better preparation for, learning helpers and other school support staff † which, along with a subsequent OfSTED reappraisal, ( 2002a, p6 ) declared the demand for preparation that would, â€Å" fit any proposed construction of makings and to ease calling patterned advance. † The execution of nationa l occupational criterions for learning helpers, approved in 2001, and the HLTA position introduced in 2003, ( TDA, 2008 ) offered committed support staff the chance to come on and get the accomplishments to go more complete pedagogues. Working as a instruction helper started to go a calling and so began the existent argument about the function of the instruction helper. As with many occupation rubrics within the working environment, the rubric instruction helper is frequently interpreted in a assortment of ways but one common subject I have encountered, when oppugning educational staff, is that all learning helpers have the possible to be facilitators of acquisition and therefore are indispensable elements in the development of larning for kids. How the facilitation is carried out, nevertheless, is less clear and unfastened to single reading by both employers and employees. In order to back up the acquisition of all kids, learning helpers, like any pedagogue, need to hold a good apprehension of how kids learn. In the book, Teaching and Learning in the Early Old ages, Whitebread ( 2008, chapter 1 ) discusses Piaget ‘s thoughts that kids need to experience and keep control over their acquisition. Whitebread continues by researching Vygotsy ‘s claims that it is the function of the grownup to supply chances for societal interaction and to back up the kid in traveling out of their comfort zone or â€Å" degree of existent development † and towards their possible via their â€Å" zone of proximal development. † To make this, a instruction helper must understand how to advance wonder amongst kids while supplying chances for treatment and geographic expedition. With current category sizes in the part of up to 30 students, a category instructor will frequently be unable to prosecute in this critical facet of developing kids ‘s acq uisition and so it is indispensable that back uping grownups are equipped with the accomplishments to â€Å" scaffold † larning and to supply chances for them to develop the linguistic communication needed to be able to discourse and explicate their thoughts. ( Bruner 1983, cited in Peabody Journal of Education, pp 64-66 ) Recently I was fortunate to be portion of an enterprise to advance reading amongst a group of loath students who had formulated an sentiment that reading was a job to be undertaken with animus and merely when instructed to make so. Upon probe, it was obvious that these kids had encountered a assortment of barriers that had influenced their attitude and ability to read. My function was that of the â€Å" enabling grownup † as described by Chambers ( 1991 ) . By supplying them with an chance to portion and discourse each other ‘s reading experiences I was able to advance and animate in them a willingness and enjoyment of reading. The result of this rapidly became evident in their apprehension of written text. The kids besides began composing with enthusiasm, utilizing their ain cognition and experiences ; as a consequence, they had taken control of their ain acquisition. The kids ‘s vocal responses demonstrated that they felt empowered by the fact that they were stra ight responsible for the advancement that they were doing and they continue to bask our hebdomadal treatments about their reading and advancement. The kids mentioned do non hold particular educational demands, as is frequently the instance for students being supported by a instruction helper. Children with SEN necessitate a higher degree of support and this has, traditionally, been provided by learning helpers. ( Alborz et al, 2009a ) This has antecedently been an country for argument with The Daily Telegraph ( 2009 ) printing an article claiming that research shows that, â€Å" Students make less advancement in schoolrooms where schools employ more teaching helpers † . This article states that learning helpers frequently support lower attaining students, ensuing in them being less supported by a qualified instructor and to them doing limited advancement. The article does non, nevertheless, take into history the preparation of the instruction helpers. While reexamining the impact of work force remodeling, a study by OfSTED ( 2004 ) stated that when a instruction helper is appointed to work with carefully chosen students and is provided with the appropriate preparation to make so efficaciously, the students make important advancement. This is, of class, every bit good as the obvious benefits of supplying the instructor with more clip to concentrate on other students. Having worked alongside several learning helpers employed to back up kids with SEN I have witnessed the unmeasurable benefit to the student and the category as a whole. The instruction helpers enabled the students to be included in a mainstream schoolroom and entree the course of study, while leting the category instructor to back up the bulk of the students. Their support involved the re-enforcing of the whole category instruction, giving the student the assurance to take part in category treatments, simplification of vocabulary, offering congratulations and encouragement and feedback on the completed undertaking. Following the lesson, the instruction helper besides provided the instructor with appraisal and monitoring feedback to enable appraisal of and for larning. This appraisal has become a critical facet of the function of the instruction helper and supports the instructor and student by enabling distinction and personalised larning to go every twenty-four hours pattern. ( OfST ED, 2002b ) Guidance published by the NFER ( 2002, cited in Department for Education and Skills, 2005, p.22 ) found that when instructors and learning helpers work in partnership, the consequences are a more effectual degree of learning and larning. An illustration of this is a scenario I have experienced late where a instruction helper supported the acquisition of the bulk of the category while the category instructor focused on the kids with SEN. As a consequence of the instructor and instruction helper holding spent clip working together to be after the lesson, the instruction helper was able to back up the acquisition aims and help students in their accomplishment of them. Teaching helpers can besides, when included in the planning of a lesson, actively take part in the bringing of the lesson supplying an alternate point of view or by playing a character in function. One such illustration was provided by my co-worker who, upon gaining that many of the students within the category had misunderstood a cardinal construct, pretended to be confused and raised a manus to inquire for elucidation. As a consequence, students developed a clearer apprehension of the lesson and hence, the instruction helper had played an of import function in developing their acquisition. By implementing a combination of all of these attacks and with effectual preparation and counsel, learning helpers can supply priceless support for all kids within any lesson. Teaching helpers besides back up behavior direction within categories and can supply an alternate degree of perceptual experience within the schoolroom. In day-to-day Literacy lessons, I have observed a instruction helper back uping a student with ADHD and have no uncertainty that without her presence, the category instructor would hold to pass a big proportion of the lesson settling the kid and turn toing low degree distractions. Personal experience has shown me that kids with emotional or behavioral troubles are frequently more antiphonal towards a instruction helper with whom they can hammer a positive grownup / kid relationship. This can lend towards the societal and emotional well-being of the kid as outlined by Alborz et Al. ( 2009b ) . Besides the chance to back up kids ‘s larning during lesson clip, learning helpers continue to transport out a battalion of administrative undertakings in order to back up the category instructor and the school as a whole. The National Agreement, ( ATL et al. 2003, p.2 ) , implemented as portion of the authoritiess workforce remodelling enterprise, states that instructors should non pass their clip transporting out administrative duties that do non do full usage of their accomplishments and expertness but that these undertakings should be carried out by support staff. The understanding outlines 21 undertakings that learning staff should non be required to transport out including the readying of schoolroom resources, run offing, the aggregation of monies for educational visit and the readying and puting up of shows. These undertakings must besides, hence, be considered the duty of the instruction helper. Each and every one of the administrative undertakings has an impact on the educational environment and hence contributes towards back uping the development of kids ‘s acquisition. In pattern, nevertheless, the demand for learning helpers to be more involved in the bringing of lessons certainly means that they excessively will hold less clip for transporting out administrative responsibilities which in bend might relay these responsibilities back into the custodies of the instructors. In my experience, learning helpers frequently offer unconditioned support for the school in which they are employed. Many carry out responsibilities beyond their working hours supplying curriculum enrichment activities and on a regular basis being at the head of fund raising events. They often are able to supply a connexion between local communities and their schools as they frequently live in close propinquity to their workplace. This is a non indispensable yet valuable portion of their function as it enables learning staff to be cognizant of local issues and provides a nexus between parents and schools. ( Lipsett, 2008 ) In decision, the function of the instruction helper has evolved significantly over recent old ages and can offer committed persons with a recognized calling that is both progressive and honoring. With appropriate professional development chances, a instruction helper can give priceless support to persons and groups of students, learning staff, parents and schools. By supplying pastoral attention, administrative support and personalised larning they can, every bit outlined in the Governments Every Child Matters enterprise ( DfES, 2003 ) , promote enjoyment and accomplishment in a safe, nurturing environment ; contribute to the academic and emotional well-being of all kids ; assist them to go successful members of the school and wider community.

Hire Essay Writer Online and Create Opportunities All Over the Globe

Hire Essay Writer Online and Create Opportunities All Over the Globe Hire Essay Writer Online and Create Opportunities All Over the Globe If you are thinking you might hire essay writer for your next paper, there may be one reason you have not considered. In addition to convenience and time savings, hiring an essay writer helps the global community. You may be assisting those in less prosperous or developing countries with earning income and improving their lives, here is how: Global Workers Earn Money Online Global workers are able to access work that pays more than what they find in their own country. Higher pay increases their standard of living and may help to support their family. Global Workers Learn and Continue Developing Their Skills In order to become academic writers and find higher paying projects, online workers are encouraged to constantly improve their skills. The job market in their community may not offer them neither opportunities for advancement nor an incentive to improve and gain knowledge. The very nature of online work demands skilled workers so they must improve their skills to stay in the market. When many workers in one country improve their skills and become more advanced, the country on the whole improves. This way, when you hire an essay writer online, you are contributing to the advancement of others and their countries. Global Workers Learn to Operate Globally These workers may not have any other reasons to advance their skills if not for online work. Working online allows them to live in and experience a work environment that is more sophisticated than they have locally. They need to learn to use the Internet for research and learning. They find out how to maneuver online work platforms such as mTurk and Upwork. They learn to use a myriad of software and apps, such as a word processor and grammar apps. They get to know the rules and processes used in more highly developed countries, thereby preparing them for more advanced careers. Global Work Gives Opportunities to Younger Disadvantaged Workers Online payment platforms such as Payoneer transfer income to prepaid cards that can be used to shop or withdraw cash. This allows disadvantaged young people to benefit because the disadvantaged are unlikely to have a bank account. In this way global work minimizes financial barriers and helps disadvantaged workers. Global Work Offers Women to Work Flexibly While Caring for Children Women with children in developing countries are often obligated to care for their children without assistance. Online work allows women to work from home performing work with flexible hours, giving them an opportunity to earn income where none existed before. Global Work Encourages Goal Setting and Self-Improvement Once these workers realize there is a way for them to advance they become encouraged and begin to see more opportunities and possibilities. They may set other financial or academic goals to improve their lives and the life of their families. Giving someone the opportunity to write your paper gives them more then just a job to do. You may be giving them something which can transform their life, and improve the global economy.

The Advantages of ERP Essay Example

The Advantages of ERP Essay Example The Advantages of ERP Essay The Advantages of ERP Essay The Advantages of ERP As companies grow and departmentalize their operations, it is increasingly important to ensure that the separation of function does not inhibit efficiency by erecting communication barriers. Smaller companies may be able to find tools to prevent this problem from occurring. Others, especially larger companies that operate complicated supply chains with thousands of suppliers and customers find creating effective links between departments more difficult. One way companies are successfully bridging the information gap between departments is by utilizing Enterprise Resource Planning or ERP. When utilized in the right way, ERP ties each organization function together in such a way that all departments know what is happening at all times. Creating uniform knowledge, which is readily available throughout every company department, is very beneficial for an organization. The following paper will outline the primary theoretical advantages of utilizing Enterprise Resource Planning. 91 percent of organizations report that efficiency is one of the top ten benefits of implementing ERP. There are so many aspects of the ERP system hat streamline operations that efficiency is a natural effect. Less manual entry as well as the prevention of duplicate entry improves speed and decreases errors. These improvements, in turn, allow employees to use their expertise and valuable time in other ways for the company. Improving information uniformity and availability also impacts efficiency in such a way that cycle time can be reduced . This is all made possible because software and processes among departments have been standardized to immediately respond to an order when this may have previously taken long periods of time. Consider the following scenario. An order is placed for a laptop with unique specifications. Without ERP, multiple departments and or suppliers must be individually contacted to obtain the parts to assemble the machine. An ERP System can issue a request for these parts, order a technician to assemble, create an invoice, and even make an accounting entry with a few keystrokes. What previously may have taken days or weeks may now only take minutes or hours. Empowering organizations to make better decisions on a daily basis and in response to their industrys rapidly changing environment is another key enefit of ERP. ERP accomplishes this in a number of ways. First, data entry as previously mentioned becomes more streamlined and is more automated providing more accurate data. This data, now unified across departments, can also be compared against itself and across functions without conversion errors. Because the data is collected regularly and does not require separate compilation, the reports are readily available and always current. This is perhaps one of the most important features as executives are often forced to make decisions at a moments notice and aving reliable information to assist their decision could make the difference between the right and wrong decision. ERP software implementation gives organizations a lot of technological integration capacity advantages. The software is so sophisticated that there are many integration options with e-commerce as well as supply chain partners. Reconsider the previously discussed scenario witn computer order. The technology available with ERP software would allow this same process to be initiated by a customers order placed on a company website. Simultaneously, suppliers who have applications that support the ERP software ould receive this same information as they are linked into the ERP software in order to more effectively communicate with their customer. Then, once the orders have been placed, all parties along the supply chain can see the status of the order through ERP system and web-based tracking collaboration systems . This offers a level of service that goes above and beyond and can be seen as a competitive advantage in a todays society. Finally, when collectively evaluating the above, one can see the most overwhelming reason for utilizing ERP is costs savings. If time is money, mproving the use of the employees time is an obvious cost savings. In fact, ERP may even eliminate labor depending upon a firms data entry positions. Cycle time improvements can also improve costs by increasing the amount of items that can be manufactured or by simply making the process more efficient. For example, streamlining the inventory ordering process following order receipt can dramatically impact inventory on hand and therefore cut inventory costs. Likewise, utilizing data and reporting to make the best decisions for organization could also assist with cost savings. Imagine deciding how much inventory to keep on hand without having any data to evaluate. Beyond the operational cost advantages to ERP, there are also cost savings to having all departments utilize the same software. A unified system cut costs as departments do not have to buy individual programs to support their processes . Also, if an organization uses one system, IT technicians only need to be familiar with one operating system saving in the number of specializations needed. Training also can be a cost savings as all employees will be using the same software across departments. Truly, ERP is the most important piece of the puzzle. Every department within an organization can operate with 100 percent efficiency by completing their roles as assigned. However, if there is nothing to link the departments one to another, the organization will fail as a whole. A human heart could be the strongest one in the world, but if it were not connected to the other organs in the body, what good would it be? Similarly, every department within an organization has its role to play and without an effective method of communication between these departments, the organization as a whole would die. Enterprise resource planning is a valuable tool for companies to utilize to increase efficiency, to support the decision making process, to integrate e-commerce and supplier software, and most importantly to cut costs. Effectively utilizing an ERP system will prevent fragmentation of departments and lead to a healthy organization. Sources Eresouce. (2010). ERP reduces cycle time, improves efficiency. Retrieved Nov 17, 2012, from Eresource: eresourceerp. com/ERP-reduces-cycle-time-improves- efficiency. html ExcitinglP. (2011 ,June 9). Advantages Disadvantages of ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) Systems. Retrieved Nov 17, 2012, trom ExcitinglP. com: nttp:/ wrww. excitingip. com/2010/advantages-disadvantages-of-erp-enterprise-resource- planning-systems/ Exforsys Inc. (2006, Dec 4). The Advantages and Disadvantages of ERP. Retrieved Nov 1 7, 2012, from Exforsys. com: exforsys. com/tutorials/erp/the-advantages- and-disadvantages-of-erp. html Roman, K. (2009). Benefits of Implementing an ERP Top 10 Benefits an ERP Implementation Can Bring to Your Institution . Retrieved Nov 17, 2012, from Collegiate Project Services: collegiateproJect. com/articles/ERP%20Benefits. pdf

Character Sketch in Composition

Character Sketch in Composition In composition, a character sketch is a brief description in prose of a particular person or type of person. In writing one, you go into the characters manner, distinct characteristics, nature, and the way that person behaves him or herself. Its also called a profile or character analysis and doesnt necessarily have to be about a fictional character. How to Approach a Character Sketch Even though its an informative type of essay, a character sketch doesnt have to be dry and only descriptive. It can also impress or entertain the reader or praise the subject, notes author R.E. Myers. The facts, traits, idiosyncrasies, and accomplishments of the subject provide the fabric of the character sketch. Anecdotes and quotes are also helpful in portraying the subject. You can stress the subjects personality, appearance, character or accomplishments.  (Figures of Speech: A Study and Practice Guide. Teaching Learning Company, 2008) If analyzing a fictional character, you can also go into the persons conflicts, how the person changes, his or her attitude toward others, and role in the story. You can list the persons likes and dislikes and how you feel about the character. If the character is the narrator, you can discuss whether the person is an unreliable narrator. A character sketch can also be satiric, as in work by authors such as Evelyn Waugh (1903–1966) and Thomas Pynchon (1933–) or modern-day television sit-coms. As a composition, a satiric sketch would likely need to be written in the characters voice and point of view to work. Use of a Character Sketch Besides being an essay type that students write in composition classes, fiction authors can use character sketches in their prewriting or drafting stages of short stories or novels as a means to develop the people wholl inhabit the world theyre creating. Writers who plan series (or even those who just end up writing a sequel to a successful story) can find character sketches useful as a reference  for maintaining consistency of detail or voice, if the character ends up being a narrator in the subsequent work or has a particular vocal tic, slang vocabulary, jargon use, or accent. Often the act of taking on the characters voice in a sketch will assist the author in discovering aspects of the character and fleshing him or her out to be more realistic. Character sketches can also be a task to work on when stuck for a plot point, characters motivation to move the plot forward, or attitude/reaction toward a conflict or event. In nonfiction writing, character sketches can be useful for biographers or feature article writers as a prewriting tool and as descriptive material to mine for the finished work. Examples Annie Dillards Sketch of Her Childhood Friend Judy Schoyer My friend Judy Schoyer was a thin, messy, shy girl whose thick blond curls lapped over her glasses. Her cheeks, chin, nose, and blue eyes were round; the lenses and frames of her glasses were round, and so were her heavy curls. Her long spine was supple; her legs were long and thin so her knee socks fell down. She did not care if her knee socks fell down. When I first knew her, as my classmate at the Ellis School, she sometimes forgot to comb her hair. She was so shy she tended not to move her head, but only let her eyes rove about. If my mother addressed her, or a teacher, she held her long-legged posture lightly, alert, like a fawn ready to bolt but hoping its camouflage will work a little longer. (An American Childhood. Harper Row, 1987.) Bill Barichs Sketch of a Publican The publican, Peter Keith Page, lives with his family in a flat on the second floor. Page is a fiftyish man, slender and well-tailored, whose manner might be described as studiously charming. His mustache and hair are tinged with auburn, and this, along with a sharp nose and chin, makes him look a bit like a fox. He enjoys jokes, subtle conversations,  double entendres. When he takes one of his turns behind the bar, he works at a measured pace, often pausing to ask after his patrons health and well-being. (At the Fountain. In Traveling Light. Viking, 1984.) Sources David F. Venturo, The Satiric Character Sketch. In A Companion to Satire: Ancient and Modern, ed. by Ruben Quintero. Blackwell, 2007.

Introductory economics and finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Introductory economics and finance - Essay Example In USA, almost two thirds of the total production is consumed by the individuals for personal use whereas only one third is consumed by the governments. The free enterprise believes that the private ownership is the best form of the economy because it is able to operate more competently than its counterpart. They believe that when the economic forces are free to act, the supply and the demand of the product intersect to arrive at a competent price. At the same time, this intersection of demand and supply predicts the quantity of production. When the consumers demand more of a product then the economy is producing, the price of the respective good increases. This chance for profitability calls in for more organizations to produce the similar good. At the same time, when the supply of the good in the economy is more than the demand, the price falls as a result. Most of the organizations exit due to the decreasing profitability. Therefore, the market economy operates efficiently followi ng the market forces and reflecting on the wishes of the people (Samuelson, 1998). But there is too much freedom with no regulations that causes the problems and does not make it s viable form of economy for the allocation of resources. On the other hand, the socialist economy is more portrayed by the high state ownership and central planning. The economists believe that this form of the economy is less efficient because it does not reflect on the market forces or the price changes. In this form of economy, the means of the production are owned by the state and the workers. It focuses on ones capacity to produce and wants. Basically, it aspires to provide for more equitability in the economy (Samuelson, 1998). With no economic benefit to the individuals, the people are less efficient and unstable. It also breeds incompetence in the economy that will cause it lose in the long. At the same time, the state benefits call for unannounced immigrants and cause stagnation in the economy.

Commercial Insurance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Commercial Insurance - Essay Example This is engineered by the employer themselves and requires that a substantial amount of the employee’s salary be directly injected into the scheme. It sometimes covers the individual’s family or the next of kin for all benefits as entitled to the employee. Covered here is the key employee policy. This is extended, by the employer, to that employee whose sickness or demise will greatly affect a business’s returns. The individual health plan sometimes also features a funeral expenses cover (Gevine, 1995). Pharmacy benefits to customers comprise the accessibility, and the ease of doing so, of quality medication upon prescription. Members of the scheme can access drugs, prescription or otherwise, anytime from participating medical facilities. The benefits with this program are that you are not only diagnosed but also given drugs recommended by your doctor without â€Å"buying†. The medicare plan is useful in that it allows for subscribers to access services such as change in dressing, regular checkups on weight and blood sugar levels at zero extra cost. Medevac plans also categorized here whereby the patient, if in a remote area is evacuated by plane or an ambulance and promptly accorded medicare. However, these might come at a cost to the average subscriber. This caters for prime US citizens. The plan seeks to ensure that even in old age, they will still access quality health care. It is also inclusive of advisory services in terms of diets, exercise routines, quality sleep patterns and healthy lifestyle which are exclusive of smoking or drinking. Stress management is also featured there. This is because, since these members are advanced in age, this might trigger morbid heart related complications (Gevine, 1995). Specialty packages cater for members with special needs to enable them acquire services without

Leadership and Management Development at Jaguar Land Rover Essay

Leadership and Management Development at Jaguar Land Rover - Essay Example In this regard, the essay intends to provide a discussion about the leadership as well as management development programme of Jaguar Land Rover. The company is a British transnational organisation functioning in the automobile industry. It is a subsidiary company belonging to Tata Motors of India. In addition, a detailed SWOT analysis about the company’s leadership and management development programme will be studied (John Wiley & Sons, 2009). In this case study, the discussion would aim to find out the root causes for which the company may face difficulties in the future. Certain recommendations for making necessary changes in the management as well the leadership programmes that the company can adopt in order to see a better tomorrow will also be provided. Benefits of Leadership and Management Development Programme In order to comprehend the varied inherent aspects about leadership and management development programme, it is very important to determine the actual meaning of leadership and management. ... With proper development of leadership and management there are many benefits that can be attained in business. In this regard, a report by CMI-Penna, which was prepared along with a collaboration of Henley Business School and which considered the findings of around 4500 managers, including more than 800 higher level managers of numerous companies can be highlighted. This report was created which proved to be a very important tool for management and leadership development. This report proved to be very fruitful because it showed different evidences about the benefits of leadership and management development activities in different companies. It also showed about its contribution in increasing 32% if the performance of the people and 23% augmentation in the overall performance of the organisation. Also, proper training on leadership development can bring superior organisational results which prove to be the return on investment (ROI) for a company. For example, those companies which ar e exercising more leadership development programmes seem to be listed in the Fortune magazine and come under the most recognised companies list 1.5 times more than other companies (McBain & et. al., 2012: Kincaid & Gordick, 2003) Leadership and Management Development at Jaguar Land Rover Leadership in Jaguar Land Rover is considered as a prerogative of Tata Motors, after the ownership was taken by Tata Group. The company has established different leadership policies to follow at different levels of management. These programmes were developed to bring out great business leaders with dynamism and also for boosting the high performance of the employees. These programmes were also meant to boost proper organisational results with exceptionable leadership along with facilitating in

A Good Manager Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

A Good Manager - Essay Example Lynn Tilton is among the intelligence leaders and manager taking into consideration her behavior and positive traits she portrays and articulates in her routine services within the private equity and an auto-part company she owns. One of the bases of her leadership and management qualities is that she is honesty. As a good manager and a leader, you are required to raise the company bar even higher than the anticipated level keeping in mind that your employees are among the top reflection entity personnel who requires honest and ethical behavior value for the purpose of their effective service delivery. We learn that Lynn considers herself as an established leader and a manager who strips and flips not for men but her company which she says she hold that company long and close to her heart. Becoming a good leader and a manager too requires the ability of delegation, which comes because of brand vision finessing and characterized through organized and efficient business environment in any prevailing business. Trust and believe in your team, as a manager is the only key to delegate ability since this makes a manager to determine the strengths and weakness prevailing in any company and in turn capitalize on them for the purpose of profit maximization.

Describe what you see Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Describe what you see - Essay Example The statue is wearing a tunic and tights, adorned with a long fur coat, which has puffed sleeves, seeming pleasantly anachronistic against the background adorned by the premises of the State Community College. The legs of the statue are short, thick and firm, depicting a pachyderm like balance and strength. The hands are comparatively shapely and long, signifying the sophistication of the Western civilization. The facial features of the statue are lean, masculine and imbued with determination, resembling a mountain like stability and solidity. The statue is about as high as a young oak tree, commensurately solid and firm. The forehead is slim and slightly furrowed, evincing the determination of a crouching lion. The eyes are almond shaped and gazing ahead, akin to a search light like focus. Overall the contours of the statue are bold, monolithic, and round, accentuating the solidity of the marble rock from which it was

Inquiry into Samsung Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Inquiry into Samsung - Essay Example Samsung group has grown through acquisitions and mergers like the move to buy DongHwa department store in 1963 and two years later the acquisition of Saena paper industry followed. Samsung electronics were established by Samsung group in the year 1969. However, it was in the 1970s when Samsung made a decision to enter into industries petrochemical, heavy and chemical industries. This was followed by the establishment of a new Samsung shipping company. The Samsung heavy industry was established in 1973. The Samsung group procured Daesung heavy industry to develop the Samsung shipbuilding company. Samsung precision, which was later renamed to Techwin, was established in the same year. Samsung was rising at an extremely high speed and expanding its influence to expanding its industrial influence and empire. This positioned the company to the present day growth culture. Samsung group is known to be one of the companies that are leading in innovation. The company has been introducing the latest Smartphone and has increased its market share by introducing superior products like Smartphone and tablets. The growth of this multinational has been gradual but steadfast. Samsung was founded in the year 1938 by Byung-Chull. The company used to export fruits, vegetables and dried fish produced in Korea. The exports were destined for Beijing and Manchuria in China. The company then started small-scale manufacturing by establishing confectionary machines and flour mills. The company was incorporated in the year 1951. Samsung Corporation started to substitute imported goods with locally manufactured products through the establishment of the industry called Ceil Sugar in the year 1953. This was later followed closely by the establishment of Cheil industries. Samsung group then went ahead to acquire Feb Ankuk Marine and fire insurance in the year 1958. The company was later renamed as Samsung fire and marine insurance. This was followed closely by the acquisition of Jul Dong Bang Life insurance in the year 1963. The company was later renamed to Samsung life insurance in the year 1989 (Michell 2011). However, in 1983, Samsung group has begun to develop the interest in the field of semiconductors. Up to 1983, the company was known to develop semiconductors for the local market. The development of the 64k DRAM (dynamic random access memory) by Samsung Company marked a fresh beginning with regard to international influence (Michell 2011). This marked the beginning of production of many semiconductor chips for the international market from Samsung Company (Chang 2011). In 1985, Samsung data systems were established. The company was rebranded to Samsung SDS in 1986. The aim was to pave the way for Samsung economic research institute. In the following year, Samsung advanced institute of technology was developed as the company’s main research center. Samsung group acquired KOCA. This was a credit company which was renamed to Samsung credit card in the year 1 995 (Books 2011). Through this, Samsung Company was increasing asserting itself in the world of technology and financial security systems. Samsung began acquiring many international companies with an aim of asserting itself in the international market and increasing its market share. Samsung group faces incredible competition from other South Korean industries.

Describe what you see Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Describe what you see - Essay Example The statue is wearing a tunic and tights, adorned with a long fur coat, which has puffed sleeves, seeming pleasantly anachronistic against the background adorned by the premises of the State Community College. The legs of the statue are short, thick and firm, depicting a pachyderm like balance and strength. The hands are comparatively shapely and long, signifying the sophistication of the Western civilization. The facial features of the statue are lean, masculine and imbued with determination, resembling a mountain like stability and solidity. The statue is about as high as a young oak tree, commensurately solid and firm. The forehead is slim and slightly furrowed, evincing the determination of a crouching lion. The eyes are almond shaped and gazing ahead, akin to a search light like focus. Overall the contours of the statue are bold, monolithic, and round, accentuating the solidity of the marble rock from which it was

My Own Behaviour in a Team Setting Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

My Own Behaviour in a Team Setting - Assignment Example I also learned that I possess a number of transferable skills such as the ability to put my personal feelings aside whenever there was conflict in the team. In these circumstances, I was able to brush my personal feelings aside and to focus on the assigned task. I also demonstrated self-discipline in that I was able to manage my time and resources in a productive and effective manner. I also discovered that I had other transferable skills such as effective communication skills. I found that I was always able to listen to others and to respond in ways that were relevant and commanded the attention of other members of the team. I also found that I had another very important transferable skill and that was the power of persuasion. I found that with commitment and effort I was able to persuade other members of the group to take a position that was akin to my own. This particular skill will be important to my chosen career when I am advising and helping those who rely on my advice and skills. As I learned from my social networking exercises, I am sure that these skills are the kinds of soft skills that employers will be looking for. I also learned that I can be a bit over anxious and too eager to achieve my end goals. In this regard, the team setting taught me that every task has a purpose and connects to the end goal. Only after several steps are taken can we finally see the results? In this regard, I have to learn to be more patient and pace my time, always aware that I cannot get to the end without starting from the beginning. I will practice this by taking on a number of projects such as reading a book and doing jigsaw puzzles. When I began the course I did so with an open mind, merely hoping that I would come out more prepared to take steps toward my career goal and expecting to at least be in a better position for taking those steps that I was before taking the course.  

What Utilitarianism Is by Mill Essay Example for Free

What Utilitarianism Is by Mill Essay Mill, in his attempt to define what utilitarianism is, is also trying to defend the concept against wrong notions. Mill is correcting the wrong idea that utilitarianism could be equated happiness of any kind even as that of a swine or a beast. In asserting that utilitarianism or the greatest happiness principle should be viewed on higher ground than that of the beast, the author points out the comparison with the lower form of animals as degrading since human being’s faculties are higher that of the animal appetites.   Mill explains that by using the different level of happiness, as he points out the great advantage of being human over a satisfied fool or the advantage of dissatisfied Socrates over a satisfied or happy fool.[1]   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  A wrong notion that utilitarianism is focused on the agent’s own happiness is also another point explained by Mill.   Thus in advocating the greatest amount of happiness altogether for a greater number of people over the agent’s own happiness, which may consists in having some pain, Mill also supports the cultivation of nobleness of character[2] if happiness will come out as result. This is of course with the premise that pleasures or happiness through the intellect or from moral sentiments are of higher value that those from mere sensation.   Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Mill’s emphasis of the primacy of mental pleasure over those bodily ones should be a strong way to emphasize the significance of the utilitarianism and to avoid comparison of the term with those which cannot have mental pleasures. Work Cited: Mill, John Stuart, Utilitarianism, Routledge, 1863 [1] Mill, John Stuart, Utilitarianism, Routledge, 1863 [2] Mill, John Stuart, Utilitarianism, Routledge, 1863

The Opponents And Supporters Of Neoliberalism

The Opponents And Supporters Of Neoliberalism When one speaks of globalization what comes to mind is basically the financial globalization, which has occurred since the mid-1980s and has been associated with an increase in capital flows among industrial countries and, more notably, between industrial and developing countries (Prasad et al. 2003). Since then a, sometimes, contested debate has emerged as to the effects of financial integration on developing economies. Apparently, in order to assess whether globalization, financial or globalization in its wider sense, has been a boon or bane we need to have a standard of reference. The writer believe that the most objective, value-free, standard of comparison is to provide in the section 1 some useful definitions of Globilization and Neoliberalism, then distinguish between those two definitions and also explain the Anti- globalization movement. In section 2 the writer discusses some of these competing discourses. These three discourses are: first of all, Joseph Striglitz who argue that globalization is potentially beneficial, but it must be made to work, that it needs of human face, second discourse is the free trade economists such as Jagdish Bhagwati and financial times journalist Martin Wolf, who argue that globalization already works, that it has a human face; and final discourse are scholars such as Marxist geographer David Harvey and Subcommandante Marcos, spokesperson of Mexican rebel movement the Zapatistas, who argue that neoliberal globalization involves accumulation by dispossession, that is the fourth world war. Finally, in section 4 the writer derives her conclusion. In addition, this essay has a further material of globalization as appendices which are structured as follows. In Section 1 we provide some further definitions. In Section 2 we discuss some theoretical arguments in favour and against globalization. In Section 3, we present the empirical evidence when it comes to the benefits of costs of globalization. Globalisation is a continuing process that integrates regional economies, communities and cultures through a network of communications and business dealings (Dicken 2007). Globalisation is mostly used to refer to economic globalisation. This is however not the case. Globalisation is a reality, not one that affects finance only but almost all the aspects of human life. Globalisation has effects on technology, culture, and entertainment. Globalisation is viewed as being influenced by a blend of factors like economic, technical, social, cultural, political and scientific. The earliest description of this concept was coined by the United States businessman who was later made a minister, Charles Taze Russell (Khor 2001). He came up with the terminology, corporate giants in the year 1897. Since the time this idea was conceived, it has motivated many other definitions and descriptions (Bordo 2002). The UN ESCWA has revealed that globalisation is a term that has a wide range of usage and as a result has numerous definitions (Harvey 2007). When the term is used from the finance perspective, it refers to the lessening and elimination of regional boundaries between countries for the purpose of facilitating the transfer of capital, products, services, and workforce (Glyn 2006). Tom Palmer describes globalisation as the reduction or removal of state-enforced constraints on transfer of products and services across boundaries and the incorporated and sophisticated international systems of manufacturing and exchange that has come up as a result. Thomas Friedman has investigated the effects of globalisation and claims that globalisation and politics have transformed the world completely. The changes have been both positive and negative (Dicken 2007). According to Takis Fotopoulos, globalisation is the outcome of methodical movements revealing the marketplace economys grow-or-die nature (Perraton 2001). This is the case following the speedy growth of multinational enterprises. Due to the fact that these movements have not been counterbalanced efficiently by counter-tendencies that could have come from labour movements and other sorts of political actions, the result has been globalisation. This is a complicated and an irrevocable occurrence within the scheme of the market economy. This phenomenon is evident as financial globalisation, that is, the opening and deregulation of the market which has caused the current form of neoliberalism (Bordo 2002). The globalisation since the Second World War as resulted from the making of the politicians. They began attempting to eliminate the boundaries hindering business to raise affluence and interdependence thus decreasing the opportunities for another war. The works of the politicians made possible the Bretton Woods Conference (Held 1999). This was a conference by the influential politicians of the world, to come up with a system for global commerce and finance. This was also an effort to establish global institutions that could see this come to pass. The two major institutions that were thought of were the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund. Since then the policies of this two institutions have affected globalisation. Globalisation is also evident as political globalisation, that is, the coming up of international elites and the removal of the all-powerful nation-states of the past. There is also the concept of cultural globalisation, that is, the uniformity of culture all ov er the world. Others are ideological, technological and social globalisation (Bordo 2002). Neoliberalism This term is used to refer to economic liberalism. This term was used for the first time in 1960s by Marxists. It used to refer to the finance policies founded on neoclassical theories of economics (Harvey 2007). These philosophies reduce the role played by the state and increase the private enterprise sector. Neoliberalism is used to as a critic to the policies and ideas of contemporary administrations and the major international finance institutions. The expression is also used in cultural studies as a description for social, cultural and political activities and policies that utilise the concepts of marketplaces, economical efficiency, consumer preference and business deals (Hardt and Negri 2000). Generally speaking, neoliberalism tries to transfer a portion of the control of the economy from the public sector to the private sector. This is done in the assumption that the process will lead to more efficient governments and improve the economic growth of a country. The concept of neoliberalism is derived from the Washington Consensus. This was a list of policies proposed, that seemed to have been agreed on among the international financial agencies based in Washington, such as the IMF and the World Bank (Hà ¤usler 2002). Neoliberalism is thus as set of finance policies that became widely used since the 1990s. These policies have been imposed unto governments by the international financial institutions (Harvey 2007). Neoliberalism and globalisation In most cases neoliberalism and globalisation are used interchangeably. These two are however related due to the finance nature that binds them. Noam Chomsky puts forward the claim that globalisation can be used in a doctrinal point of view, to point to the neoliberalism. The notion of neoliberal views the state as an enterprise. The enterprise sells itself as a market place, instead of trading in export products (Held 2004). In case the government in power is a neoliberal one, it will implement the policies designed by the financial institutions in making the country better for investments. Where these investments and business deals are dome on a global level, then Globalisation prevails. Globalisation is thus linked to neoliberalism where the marketplace is used to trade in global arena (Harvey 2007). Anti-globalisation movement This is the term utilised in describing the political group that is opposed to the neoliberalism. Some criticisms of globalisation are some of the reasons used in opposition to the neoliberalism. This movement comprises some of the processes and action taken by nations or the citizens in the effort of demonstrating its sovereignty and carry out independent decision-making. This may take place in an attempt to uphold hindrances to the international movement of labour, products or beliefs. This can also take place as a way of preventing market deregulation, promoted by institutions like the IMF or the WTO (Perraton 2001). Naomi Klein asserts that the term anti-globalisation movement can be used to refer to only one movement or as an umbrella terminology that encompasses more than one movement. In either case, the members of such movement(s) stand in opposition to neoliberalism (Hà ¤usler 2002). Globalisation needs a human face Joseph Stiglitz is known as one of the great contributors to the knowledge of economics. He contributed to the economics of asymmetric knowledge and the issue of efficient wages. According to Stiglitz (2007), globalisation is a close interrelation between nations and people. He cannot be said to be against globalisation because according to him it has the potential to achieve good to the world. He claims that as a result of globalisation, it is now possible for people to have longer lives and achieve better living standards. Stiglitz asserts that despite the fact that globalisation has the potential; it has not operated the way it ought to have worked (Stiglitz 2007). He sees as if something has gone terribly wrong because globalisation has not delivered its promises to the people. Globalisation has not provided better lives for those in need of its expected advantages. As a matter of fact, Stiglitz argues that globalisation has led to concentration of resources in one place leading to high levels of inequality. This has taken place between nations as well as within nations. It has led to increased rates of poverty and decreased rate of independence. In his personal point of view, the number of individuals living in poverty in the African continent has increased twice in the last twenty years or so. In the industrialised countries the rate of wages for the working class has also gone down. All this has taken place due to the fact that globalisation has been mismanaged. This means that the issue is not globalisation, but the poor management of globalisation. This is why Stiglitz asserts that globalisation requires a human face (Stiglitz 2006).This is the only way that it can be made to function. According to Stiglitz, the policies that need to be targeted for globalisation to work are those of International Monetary Fund and the World Bank. He also cites neoliberalism and the Washington Consensus as the general targets in the proper management of globalisation ( Stiglitz 2006). The description of neoliberalism according to Stiglitz is the grab-bag of ideologies that is founded on the fundamentalist concept that marketplaces are self-correcting, distribute assets effectively, and take into account the interests of the people very well. It is this marketplace notion that motivated Thatcherism, Reaganomics, and the Washington Consensus (Stiglitz 2003). Stiglitz points out that the International Monetary Funds is the major villain in this issue. This is because this institution has pressured the neo-liberal policies, on the Third World countries without taking into consideration their significance in prevailing conditions (Stiglitz 2002). The outcomes of these policies to the developing countries have in very many occasions been detrimental. The global financial agencies have impacted a specific philosophy, that of market fundamentalism. This ideology as turned to be bad economics as well as bad politics. This idea is founded on principles concerning the functi oning of markets that are not operational even in the global economies. The policies have been forced to the society without even taking into account the understanding of the society or even the role of economics in the community. These policies have also been imposed in manners that are undermining to the budding democracies (Stiglitz 2002). Stiglitz is particularly against financial and market liberalisation citing the fact that this leads to economic instability. According to Stiglitz, this concept was a key contributor to the East Asian Financial Crisis (Stiglitz 2002). He asserts that if globalisation has failed due to the enforcement of Washington Consensus, as well as policies and lack of proper management, then the solution would be implementation of proper policies and good governance of globalisation. He argues that if globalisation was well managed, then it would bring in a lot of benefits to both the developed and the developing nations. Stiglitz proposes reforms to the global financial institutions (Stiglitz 2003). Globalisation has a human face This is a somewhat contradictory concept to the earlier one of globalisation needs a human face. This concept is brought up by a colleague of Stiglitz, Jagdish Bhagwati. He claims that the concept of globalisation needs a global face is wrong (Bhagwati 2004). This is because this notion sends a false signal. He argues that globalisation has a human face and it is up to us to make that face more agreeable. Bhagwati introduces two kinds of critic of globalisation. The first one is the huge number of strong opponents who possess strong opposition for globalisation. Conversations with this group of protestors are impossible. The second group is of the opponents whose dissatisfaction is well within the limits of normal dispute and dialogue. This group argues that globalisation is the cause of very many social problems like poverty, illiteracy, child labour, inequality in women, and deterioration of the environment. This group of critics require an extended and well thought of response. In the response there is need to have adequate assessment of a variety of issues surrounding globalisation. These are the issues addressed by both Bhagwati and Wolf. One of the issues is poverty (Bhagwati 2007). According to Bhagwati poverty has for a long time been associated with globalisation. The response to the critics concerning this issue is that business promotes development and development reduces poverty. To support this argument Bhagwati cites two nations that have been a host of poverty, that is, India and china. The two countries moved to outward orientation about two decades ago. This was the contributing factor to their high economic development in the 80s and 90s (Bhagwati 2007). During this period poverty went down considerably in both countries. Martin Wolf agrees with the argument that the ratio of standard incomes in the developed nations to those in the developing nations has been going up in this period of globalisation. He also acknowledges the fact that the gap in the living standards between the rich and the poor has also continued to widen. Nevertheless Wolf reaches to the conclusion that international inequality amongst people has gone down, with the numbers of the persons living in absolute poverty has gone down (Wolf 2005). The welfare of the people has continued to develop with globalisation. The explanation given by Wolf for the continued poverty in Africa is not globalisation, but partly because of diseases and partly because of its failure to develop. He asserts that what affects the people living in abject poverty is not the fact that they are exploited, but the fact that they are not exploited. This is because they exist outside the global economy. The growth in globalisation of the economy through integration of budding economies has changed the humanity for the better. The problem that faces globalisation is not that it has failed, but the challenge is to bring those who are living outside it into the web of beneficial economic integrations (Wolf 2005). The other issue that requires response is child labour. This is a problem that has been going on internationally throughout the world. Bhagwati argues that there is no relationship whatsoever between child labour and globalisation. The causes of this problem are associated with poverty (Perraton 2001). The fact according to Bhagwati is that whenever globalisation causes wealth and lessens poverty, it leads to reduction of child labour and increase in enrolment into learning institutions. This works two-way because it also deals with the issue of poverty. This consequently impacts positively on the economic development (Bhagwati 2004). Another issue that needs to be addressed carefully in dealing with the critics is womens equality. There is an argument that globalisation has a negative impact on women. Wolf disagrees with this argument by asserting that globalisation has assisted in reducing gender inequality. He claims that the youths who migrated from rural china in search of employment were driven by their attempts to run away from poverty. This was not by force and the wages they earn has assisted them by improving their living standards. This is especially true for women who are offered the chance to earn their own money (Wolf 2005). There are many a number of other issues that Bhagwati addresses in dealing with the critics. Concerning democracy he asserts that globalisation increases democracy both directly and indirectly. The direct impact is that the local manufacturers and farmers are able to access the market directly without being exploited by the middlemen. This has made them into independent people who can participate in the activities and processes of the society such as politics. The indirect impact is that globalisation leads to prosperity that through development of the society leads to democracy (Wolf 2005). Both Bhagwati and Wolf argue that globalisation does no cause environmental degradation. They assert that by improving the standards of living, globalisation leads to proper environmental management. They however support the fact that global economy should be well managed to enhance environmental development (Bhagwati 2004). Bhagwati supports capital controls and emphasises what he refers to as wall street treasury complex. This system has led to many administrations adopting policies of capital-account convertibility (Bhagwati 2004). Globalisation is the fourth world war One of the treaties that will be considered in this section is NAFTA. This is one treaty that has had missed reactions since its inception. The treaty has been acclaimed by its supporters and condemned by its opponents. This is a trilateral treaty that was signed in 1994 bringing together three nations in one trading bloc. These three countries are the US, Mexico and Canada. After the treaty was formed, conflicts broke up in Chiapas, one of the poorest states in Mexico. The conflicts were initiated by a group of revolutionaries known as EZLIN. The Zapatista National Liberation Army came in and took possession of four cities in the country. It was not by chance that the group started conflicts immediately after the treaty was signed. This was because the Indians saw the treaty as a threat. The native Indians in the country, who lived in poverty, felt that the signing of the agreement would make them loose the land that was given to them following the Mexican revolution. During the neg otiations with the American government, the president of Mexico overlooked the only section of the law that was significant to the locals. This was the section that protected the community-owned lands in Chiapas (Marcos 1997). The Zapatistas began fighting until they were overwhelmed by the United States supported military that fought them in the pretence of war on drugs. However the Zapatistas were not defeated because their efforts motivated international anti-globalisation and anti-capitalist movements. For such groups their main target is neoliberalism. Marcos argues that the start of the fourth world war has begun (Marcos 1997). There is an argument that neoliberalism is a struggle to capture new territories. David Harvey defines it as philosophy of political economic activities that proposes that it is possible to develop the wellbeing of people by raising entrepreneurial liberties within an organisational structure that is typified by aspects like property rights, personal freedoms, and free market. The responsibility of the nation is to come up with the structures (George 1999). One of the most significant aspects of neoliberalism is enclosure. The enclosure of the primitive accumulation as describ ed by Karl Max is where the common people were deprived of means to their livelihood. This involved conflicts as the commons were forcefully evicted from their property. The argument as far as neoliberalism is concerned is that this form of primitive accumulation is still in practice. In world economies it can be seen where privately-owned business premises are constructed in lands that were initially reserved or used for public utilities. For people whose lands are taken away in the name of development, the loss is devastating. The new enclosures are clearly connected with finance and financial institutions in the global arena. Many people are getting removed from their lands, homes, and employment through violence, epidemics, famines, and the International Monetary Fund-ordered devaluations. These people end up scatted at all corners of the world. There is the referencing to finance, that is, debts and credits as the facilitators of accumulation by dispossession (Marcos 1997). Critics however argue that enclosures and primitive accumulation are, but not the only reasons why neoliberal globalisation is war. Another reason cited is the unfair competition in the global arena. The competition causes precarity and uncertainty. According to Marcos (1997), the workers are forced to brave job instability, longer working hours, and low wages. He adds that in short neoliberal globalisation means more war, conflicts, troubles and violence (Marcos 1997). Conclusion As a conclusion it is important to compare the opponents against the supporters of neoliberalism. Martin Wolf argued that the problem facing the poor is not the fact that they are exploited, but the fact that they are underexploited. He added that the challenge is bringing them into the web of globalisation. While Wolf and Bhagwati disagree with the critics of globalisation and neoliberalism, they tend to agree with others like Sachs, Marcos and Stiglitz that neoliberal globalisation increase competition. Where they fail to agree is where the supporters claim that the competition raises efficiency, productivity and reduces prices. The opponents stress on the uncertainty and insecurity caused by the competition. The question that lingers is who among the authors is right. The concluding remarks are the fact that globalisation has potential to be beneficial to people, but to be able to achieve this it should be properly managed. In my own opinion, due to the poor management globalisati on has not been beneficial to the society. However this phenomenon is with us to stay and the only thing that can be done is to change its management so that it benefits the people who heavily rely on its promised benefits. Both individuals and nations need to take advantage of it, however bad they think of it, because this seems the only way to survive through it (Klein 2008). Appendices Appendix 1: DEFINITIONS GLOBALIZATION Globalisation can be broadly defined as a movement of culture, people and goods across international borders. Put differently, globalization could be seen as a closer integration of countries and people (Stiglitz, 2003). Thus, when one deals the issue of globalization he has to take up various aspects of globalisation, i.e. cultural, political, economic aspects. NEO LIBERALISM According to Harvey(2007) neoliberalism is a set of political and economic practices, which can advance human well-being; these practices aim at promoting entrepreneurial freedoms, individual liberty, private property rights, unencumbered markets, and free trade. The role of the state is to create and preserve an institutional framework appropriate to nurture such practices. Neoliberalism has been applied (imposed) in practice through the so-called Washington Consensus that emphasized privatization, liberalization, and independent central banks focusing single-mindedly on keeping the price level at bay. The problem with the Washington Consensus, according to Stiglitz (2003), has to do with the fact that it has been applied on developing countries, without taking into consideration the wider social and political context of these economies. As a consequence, the results of these one-size-fits-all policies have, in many cases, been disastrous Appendix 2: THE TWO THESES THE ANTI- GLOBALIZATION ARGUMENTS In what follow we shall consider certain anti-globalization arguments put forward by Marcos (1997), Increased Concentration of Wealth and Widening Income Inequality According to Marcos (1997), neoliberalism has resulted in an accumulation of wealth for the few, and [in] accumulation of poverty for millions of others. The author continues that of the 5 billion inhabitants of only 500 million live comfortably, while the remaining 4.5 billion endure lives of poverty. Another interesting piece of information cited by Marcos that the total wealth owned by the 358 richest people in the world, the dollar billionaires, is greater than the annual income of almost half the worlds poorest inhabitants, in other words about 2.6 billion people. Increase in Poverty Marcos (1997) argued that globalization and neoliberalism have throw more people to poverty, since in the 1960s and 1970s, the number of poor people in the world (defined by the World Bank as having an income of less than one dollar per day) rose to some 200 million. By the start of the 1990s, their numbers stood at two billion. Appendix 3: THE PRO- GLOBALIZATION ARGUMENTS For Stiglitz (2003) globalisation has definitely benefited people, as their life expectancy and standard of living has clearly risen, but it has not yet achieved its full potential. The outcome of this has been the rise in income inequality both between countries and within countries. He also points that the number of people living in poverty in Africa has doubled over the past two decades, whilst the wages of workers in rich countries have been driven down. However, the problem for Stiglitz is not globalisation per se, which is responsible for the aforementioned ailments, but the way it is applied. Appendix 4: Some globalization supporters have put forward the argument that globalisation promotes democracy. According to Bhagwati (2004:93), in a developed capitalistic system, rural farmers could bypass the dominant classes and castes by taking their produce directly to the market thereby becoming more independent actors. Further, the author maintains that globalisation leads to prosperity, which in turn leads to greater democratisation of politics. . Appendix 5: THE EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE THE ISSUE OF POVERTY The Reduction of Poverty Sala-i-Martin (2002), in his study, concluded that global poverty measured by poverty rates as well as absolute headcounts declined significantly from 1970 to 1998, but the reductions in poverty varied tremendously across regions. Specifically, the author found that, on a global level, the number of people living in poverty (i.e. people having an income of less than $2 per day) and extreme poverty (i.e. people having an income of less than $1 per day at the prices of 1985) declined significantly during the period under study. TABLE 0à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ1: Percent of Global Population in Poverty And Extreme Poverty YEAR GLOBAL POPULATION IN POVERTY GLOBAL POPULATION IN EXTREME POVERTY 1970 40.0% 16.6% 1998

The Unjust Deportation of Cambodian Refugees Essay -- Argument Argumen

The Unjust Deportation of Cambodian Refugees A policy that has made it possible for the deportation of refugees back to their homeland has already affected 1,400 Cambodians. As a result of the Illegal Immigration and Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996, non-citizens of the United States who have been convicted of certain crimes are being targeted for deportation. The U.S. Committee for Refugees states that this harsh law has made it easy for the Immigration and Naturalization Service, the U.S. government agency that enforces our immigration laws, to detain and deport legal immigrants who have committed crimes. Since 1996, the INS has been required to detain and deport any immigrant who is convicted of an â€Å"aggravated felony,† which includes such crimes as DUI’s, possession of marijuana, minor assaults, shoplifting, joyriding, and even writing a bad check. Any convicted Cambodian may be detained in INS up to 6 months by law. Although they have already served time for these past convictions, Cambodian i mmigrants still face possible deportation as part of their punishment. ...

Exploring Physical Activity and Health

Part 1: Health screening and physical activity (1200 words/60 marks)Pre-activity health screening is commonly undertaken in sport and fitness facilities. Scenario 1 (below) shows the results of a pre-activity health screening procedure for a male participant. Read Scenario 1 and then answer the questions underneath.Scenario 1Participant: GregGreg is 55 years old and runs his own company as well as managing a local women’s football team. During a routine health check, Greg was informed that he has high blood pressure and should take steps to address this. Since he stopped playing football himself Greg is currently very inactive and has therefore decided to join the gym at his local sports centre, to help to improve his health and with the intention of becoming fit enough to play in a local veterans’ football league.Health screening questionnaireGreg completed a PAR-Q (Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire) and answered ‘no’ to all questions. In other wor ds, Greg had no known medical conditions that could be aggravated by exercise at the time of completing the questionnaire.Health screening – physiological measurementsAfter the PAR-Q was completed, Greg undertook a series of physiological measures. The results of these are:Resting blood pressure = 150/92 mmHgResting heart rate = 85 bpmHeight = 190 cmWeight = 105 kgBody mass index = 29.1Waist-to-hip ratio = 0.99Body fat percentage = 26% 1.Explain the reasons why pre-activity health screening is necessary. (400 words/20 marks) 2.Discuss and analyse Greg’s results. Your analysis should identify whether or not the results fall into healthy ranges and discuss the implications of this, with a particular focus on the risk of developing cardiovascular disease. (400 words/20 marks) 3.Outline how physical activity could have a positive effect on Greg’s health. (400 words/20 marks)Part 2: Health and safety legislation (800 words/40 marks)Read Scenario 2 and then answer the questions underneath.Scenario 2Bradley is a member of the gym at his local sports centre. He regularly uses the gym and has completed a gym induction and health screening. One day he brings his 13-year-old daughter, Jessica, to the health club to use the gym. The health club has a policy that under-16s are not allowed to use the gym and that no one can use the gym without first having a gym induction and health screening. Bradley and Jessica are fully aware of this policy. Although she is 13, Jessica looks much older and could easily be mistaken for being aged over 16. Jessica avoids completing a gym induction by telling the reception staff that she will just be using the swimming pool.While using a piece of gym equipment inappropriately, Jessica falls and breaks her wrist. The gym was supervised by one instructor at the time, whose response to the accident was immediate and appropriate. 1.What legislation governs health and safety in a sports and fitness facility, and how might th ese relate to this incident? (250 words/13 marks) 2.Discuss whether or not Bradley and his 13-year-old daughter, Jessica, would have a case for a claim for negligence against the facility. Explain the reasons for your answer. (550 words/27 marks)

Ch. 4 Reflection for Love in the Time of Cholera

Chapter 4 Reflection Being in control of your life completely is a bit impossible in these times. Moreover, it was even more difficult during the time period of the book. Usually, a man is the head of the house. But, in fermina Daza’s household, she was the head of the house. Dr. Urbino, though a man held in high esteem in the community, was a very passive man in his household. Their household demonstrates a change in the roles of the genders.Fermina, due to her personality, has adopted a more dominant role in their marriage, while Dr. Urbino has a more passive role. Fermina, throughout the years, have assumed a dominant rule that no one in the house is over. Prior to her marriage to Dr. Urbino, when, upon her return from the trip abroad, her father recognizes her newfound maturity and grants Fermina control of the house. Fermina, now far more mature and capable than ever, is accustomed to being in control. She is the secret emperor of the household, while Dr.Urbino is sort of a figurehead. This also explains why she is so exasperated when Dr. Urbino’s mother usurps her domestic control. Fermina hates Dona Blanca so much because Dona, in many aspects of her character, emulates Fermina's father, Lorenzo Daza. Like Lorenzo, Dona exerts her power over Fermina, and uses this authority to control her. As with her father, Fermina is powerless to fight back, for retaliation against Dona Blanca would only be futile, and cause unwanted strife within the household.For the first time since her return from her journey, she is belittled and that pisses her off to no end. My mother and I have a constant power struggle in the house. I think because of our extremely similar personalities, we are unable to get along without conflict most of the time. My mother has raised three children before me, so she knows what to do when raising children. She has a set of expectations that is very strict because it has been tried true through three generations before me.They h ave been methods tested and steeled through her experiences with my older sisters. I try to resist her dominance because i refuse to just give and and let her completely dominate my life. So, when i refuse to give in to her established expectations, conflict is created through both of us. We both try to exert our dominance and our strong personalities prevent us from giving in. My rebellion disrupts the absolute power she thinks she has as a parent. It is hard to give up something you’ve had for a long time.With Fermina, it is her dominance of being the head of the house for so many years. With my mother, it will be her authority as a parent. People aren't too willing to give up their positions of power. After what they may have been through to obtain that position, it would seem plausible as to why they wouldn’t want to give it up. It is in human nature to be greedy, and also we don’t like things changing too much. The older you get, the more you dislike it. Bu t, i think we should all learn to embrace the changes we have.

Mental Health Parity Act of 1996 Essay

The law allowed an increased cost exemption, which stated that employers that can demonstrate a one percent or more rise in costs due to parity implementation will be allowed to exempt themselves from the law. The Mental Health Parity Act did not include rules for service charges, designations for the number of inpatient hospital days or outpatient visits that must be covered, coverage in connection with Medicare or Medicaid, restrictions on a health insurance plan’s ability to manage care, and coverage for treatment of substance abuse or chemical dependency. I do not think that the Mental Health Parity Act was successful, because there are many people still in this world who don’t have insurance have to pay more than what people with insurance do. Even some people with insurance have to pay a lot out of pocket for services. Even when it was still in act, it only took effect to people with major disabilities. This left most of the population having to pay for many of the services themselves.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Service Contracts and Production Essay

Advantages and Disadvantages of Service Contracts and Production Sharing Contracts - Essay Example In many countries where oil and gas are being produced, made abrupt and unilateral changes in the already executed agreements. This unilateral change at the end of oil and gas producing countries hit hard the investors. This would definitely shake the confidence of the investors who invested a lot of money in oil and gas projects. The governments of Venezuela and Bolivia have gone to the extent of breaking the contracts or termination of licenses at their own sweet will. This move can be branded as â€Å"resource nationalization†. To lessen the negative impact on the profitability of the investing companies, the sovereign governments of Canada, UK and the USA have proposed compensation in terms of further extension of their contracts on soft terms to address this issue1. To safeguard the interest of the investor companies came from abroad, the effective legislation is necessary to mitigate the risks associated with it. However, the legislation in this respect varies from count ry to country. This does not only effectively take care of the interest of the host countries but the interest of the investors those who are in the run. ... On the other hand, the state in return will receive royalty payments, income tax and other liveable taxes on the oil and gas producing companies. Contrary to that as per PSC the government will be the owner of all oils and gas productions, and the IOC will act as technical and financial services provider to take care of oil exploration and the development of oil wells / gas fields. Alternatively production will be shared between IOCs and the State in line with the provisions of PSC3. In the developing dominions, PSC system is an effective tool to access oil and gas exploration as well as development of oil wells. As per Johnston view, this access dependable on the political system of that country. As far as functional and financial considerations, the PSC system is more or less at par with concessionary system. The only difference between the two is the management control and its effective implementation4. Upstream Oil & Gas Agreements Overview Upstream agreements in fact create and establish legal business entity and working relationship between the sovereign government and the individual who owns land of exploration for oil and gas. The agreement is a legal document where rights and obligations of the stakeholders are clearly defined, leaving no ambiguity5. In the developed countries like USA, Canada and the UK where two forms of agreements are in existence. One is for the execution of individual land owner for exploration of oil and gas, the other one between the host government and the investor. The agreement executed between the host country and the investment company is called â€Å"Concession Agreement and the Production Sharing Contract† 6. In other words the

Ethics even in the Worst Circumstances Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Ethics even in the Worst Circumstances - Essay Example This philosophy was clearly exemplified by one parent, a former FBI agent, who urged his son to turn himself in and face the legal consequences for the murders his son admittedly committed. The current essay aims to proffer pertinent issues that surround ethics even in the worst circumstances. A story written by the Associated Press and published in The Augusta Chronicle narrated the story of John Cook, a former FBI agent, who was faced with the confounding ethical dilemma of duty, prevailing on doing the right things, and respecting the moral law despite knowing that it is his son, Andrew Cook, who is to be convicted. The initial reaction for parents when children face challenges and trials in life is to be supportive and to provide whatever assistance is necessary. In this case, Andrew Cook committed murders of two university students, supposedly for no apparent reasons (Associated Press par. 11). When his father confronted him to determine the veracity of the allegations, Andrew admitted he murdered those students. Despite the pain and the initial natural response to protect his son from impending conviction, his concept of good will prevailed, consistent with Kant’s philosophy. The story clearly indicates that the concept of doing right, conformity to morality and legal rules, codes of conduct and proper behavior, is universal. Parents could not hide their children who erred from justice. In worst circumstances, no one could hide from the law: not even a former FBI agent could protect his son from the imposition of justice. In the end, justice will still

Strategy Implementation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Strategy Implementation - Essay Example The audit committee is the one that reviews and point out any potential problems with the budget if the budgeted performance is below the actual performance. Planning is done through budget appraisal and prior results (Audit Committee Charter, Investors relation, CPK, 2011). The performance of the employees is evaluated by the compensation committee, either with the help of the CEOs or by the committee itself (Compensation Committee, Investor relation, CPK, 2011). People The employees and the management at CPK is highly qualified and competitive. The experienced executive directors are one of the best example to demonstrate that as almost all the directors hold vast experience and dual directorship in other companies as well (CPK, Form 10-K/A, 2010). Besides the directors the staff too is given a high level to training to polish their skills and abilities in order to work competitively in the organization.

Of Man and the stream of time by Rachel Carson Essay

Of Man and the stream of time by Rachel Carson - Essay Example Carson’s essay proposes a thesis that the sole objective of man in his nature is to make nature submissive yet nature is not something to be conquered but to be made accommodative. As human beings continue to find new ways to harness the natural resources, they end up destroying the nature itself.Carson has adequately supported the thesis through her expression of emotions related to how people treats nature wrongly. The fact that it took her ten years to prepare for this perspective is an indication enough that the thesis is researched comprehensively. The writer then explains how the efforts that man has been putting to control nature have given less that positive results. The misuse of knowledge and technology that destroys nature makes man feel that he is making the nature submissive. What he does not realize is that nature fights back even more strongly. The writer’s argument begins with statements on what the feelings about nature and the implication of human activities are. Carson describes what she feels are the wrong actions of man towards his efforts to tame nature. With this, she takes the reader back to the historic perspective of nature protection. She illustrates the difference in the views are currently from the traditional views. In the end, the writer regrets that her generation was unable to give a positive report and hopes that the current generation will do better.

Overview of the Environmental Security Debate Essay

Overview of the Environmental Security Debate - Essay Example The essay "Overview of the Environmental Security Debate" talks about the improving the wellbeing of the environment by including the notion of environmental security to national security policies. The weakening significance of superpower conflict in the past decade has provided an impetus to the emergence of flexibility in the notions of national security. Previously constructed to a set of external military dangers, the concept nowadays frequently emphasizes the importance of concerns such as environmental protection, economic progress, and global sustainability. Environmental security is labeled as a relevant subject matter in international affairs and it is being exploited to define the motives of countries under an array of contexts. For instance, the Kyoto agreement which curtails global greenhouse gasses has been disputed and defended on the basis of its influence on America’s national security. Warren Christopher, the former Secretary of State, proclaimed in his 1996 speech at Stanford University the resolution of the Clinton administration â€Å"to put environmental issues where they belong: in the mainstream of American foreign policy†. Subsequently, President Clinton has branded environmental security as one of the many concerns that America will be confronting in the contemporary times. The fundamental concept of environmental security signifies an attempt to put more emphasis on the issues of environmental degradation through openly fastening them to previous military notions of security.